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HomeGoldilocks Economy
Posted by Larry Doyle on May 8th, 2009 1:15 PM |
Will the wizards in Washington be able to recreate the Goldilocks economy, in which we can generate moderate growth with limited inflation and near full employment? Well, that economic dream is still off in the distance, but the Goldilocks analogy is appropriate. How’s that? Much like the cherished tale, the wizards are faced with three choices in virtually every situation: too much, too little, just right.
Fiscal policy
– too much spending and/or improperly targeted spending will drive interest rates higher via massive deficits and potential hyperinflation.
– too little spending and/or improperly targeted will not properly stimulate the economy and may lead to a bout of deflation.
– just the right amount of spending and properly targeted will support the economy and stabilize prices.
Monetary Policy
– too much gas on this fire will massively grow the money supply and lead to hyperinflation.
– not enough gas or a slow delivery (the concern in Europe) will not stop the economy from sliding into a deeper recession.
– just right will lead to support for the economy. However, our wizards must be prescient and know exactly when to turn the gas line down and then off. If this procedure is not executed with precision, our house may go up in the flames of hyperinflation. Many wise and elderly wizards, including none other than Paul Volcker, have this concern.
Regulatory
– overly restrictive regulations will inhibit an entrepreneurial spirit and drive business overseas.
– ineffective, inappropriate, or insufficient regulations will lead to further moral hazards and an economic foundation akin to a pile of sand. Dare I say, our house is suffering from this problem currently.
– just right would compel new regulators with real teeth to redraft the rules by which we play. Paul Krugman wrote “Stressing The Positive” in yesterday’s New York Time and addressed this topic. Krugman offers:
. . . what worries me most about the way policy is going isn’t any of these things. It’s my sense that the prospects for fundamental financial reform are fading.
Does anyone remember the case of H. Rodgin Cohen, a prominent New York lawyer whom The Times has described as a “Wall Street éminence grise”? He briefly made the news in March when he reportedly withdrew his name after being considered a top pick for deputy Treasury secretary.
Well, earlier this week, Mr. Cohen told an audience that the future of Wall Street won’t be very different from its recent past, declaring, “I am far from convinced there was something inherently wrong with the system.” Hey, that little thing about causing the worst global slump since the Great Depression? Never mind.
Those are frightening words. They suggest that while the Federal Reserve and the Obama administration continue to insist that they’re committed to tighter financial regulation and greater oversight, Wall Street insiders are taking the mildness of bank policy so far as a sign that they’ll soon be able to go back to playing the same games as before.
Uncle Sam’s intervention
– too much involvement means private enterprise will either not play in our markets or charge a higher price in the form of higher interest rates (this is VERY likely to happen given the disregard for property rights and the validity of contracts).
– too little and the economy may take another leg down in the form of a triple dip.
– just right . . . how do we compel Uncle Sam to be a benevolent Old Man and not encroach on the principles of capitalism, free markets, and private enterprise as he tries to push forward with a massive social agenda and enormous spending plans?
The trail on which we are proceeding will be LONG. Will we be able to find that warm home in the woods? Do we have the fortitude and courage to sacrifice as need be or do we have leaders who are blinded by ambition and agendas which will cause us to lose our way?
Bring extra supplies.
LD
Deflation? Tell That to Colgate and P&G
Posted by Larry Doyle on May 1st, 2009 1:09 PM |
Analysts and economists are pointing toward a near term decline in prices while raising concerns about inflation down the road. Disinflation (a slower pace of inflation) or deflation (an actual decline in prices) are a crushing blow to a company’s bottom line. That said, companies are incentivized to discount prices in order to move inventory. Consumer discretionary items are much more subject to discounted prices than consumer staples.
My better half came home from the supermarket the other day commenting on definite increases in price on a wide array of basic staples. To that end, I am not surprised to read that Colgate and P&G are raising prices. Can price increases in the face of rising unemployment stick? Will consumers who have traditionally bought these brands change product loyalty? The WSJ reports, P&G, Colgate Hit by Consumer Thrift.
If price checking is not already part of your regular exercise when shopping, it should be. Make no mistake, raising prices at this juncture is a high risk proposition for Colgate, P&G, or any other company. However, do not be surprised to see more slight price increases on staples along with slight declines in product sizes.
What prompted some of these price increases? The WSJ reports:
To offset higher commodity prices and global currency swings, P&G and Colgate raised prices in the quarter through March. P&G said higher prices increased its total sales by 7%. Colgate raised prices by 8%.
Despite pressure from retailers to lower prices for cash-strapped shoppers, neither company conceded much willingness to do so.
Higher prices hurt sales volumes, especially in emerging markets, but still paid off for the companies.
“While painful, pricing to protect the structural economics of our business is the right thing to do,” P&G Chief Financial Officer Jon Moeller said.
Analysts said higher prices could backfire. “Investors are certainly concerned by unit-volume trends, especially on the Procter side, and wondering whether they’re going to have to lower price points or kick up promotions,” said Bill Pecoriello, CEO of ConsumerEdge Research LLC, a consumer-products research boutique in Stamford, Conn.
While impulse buyers like myself are a retailer’s dream, it is obviously prudent to comparison shop. However, if we see ongoing increases in commodity prices and volatility in currencies, (both of which are likely to occur in the face of massive deficit spending), these price increases may be more the norm than the exception.
Don’t be surprised if stockpiling of goods becomes a prudent discipline.
LD
How Would You Like to Earn -5% On Cash Deposits?
Posted by Larry Doyle on April 27th, 2009 1:12 PM |
Can you imagine putting money into a bank and agreeing to accept a minus 5% rate of interest? Well, the Federal Reserve believes the appropriate rate of interest for this economy is in fact -5%. The FT reports, “Fed Study Puts Ideal U.S. Interest Rate at -5%.”
The world is awash in a sea of debt. The debt is piled highest in Europe on a relative basis while in actual terms the debt in the United States outpaces all other parts of the world. As the deleveraging process continues, the demand for new money to spur growth is anemic. The paradox of thrift (excessive savings inhibits growth) is keeping our economy in a state of stagnation. The Fed and U.S. Treasury are utilizing all tools in their box to restructure debt and promote lending without risking default. Ultimately, all the Fed and Treasury programs will devalue the debt via inflation. Inflation, in which future dollars are worth less than current dollars, is akin to paying a negative rate of interest on money. (more…)
Don’t Try This at Home
Posted by Larry Doyle on April 18th, 2009 5:08 PM |
Have you ever watched a stuntman spin a sports car in a sharp 180 degree maneuver? Many stunts come with the advance warning: Don’t Try This at Home.
Not that the current actions of both the U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve are stunts, but their maneuvers also come with a serious warning signal . . . and it reads: INFLATION!!
Given the doubling in size of the Fed’s balance sheet, if and when the economy catches, the multiplier effect on our domestic money supply will be akin to throwing lighter fluid and a match on a field full of hay. That inferno can create a scenario worse than our current economic predicament.
The WSJ reports:
“The key to preventing inflation will be reversing the programs, reducing reserves, and raising interest rates in a timely fashion,” he (Fed Vice Chairman Donald Kohn) said.
Reversing the programs? With all due respect, if people think the Fed or anybody else is uniquely qualified to drain trillions in liquidity from our markets in a precise manner prior to inflation running rampant, then they are sadly mistaken. Please remember that one of the biggest factors in determining the rate of inflation is the mere expectation of inflation itself. In so many words, our economy may start to experience inflation prior to changes in certain fundamentals in the economy.
While the WSJ reports, Fed’s No. 2 Allays Worries About Stimulus, please remember that any medication that is overused, if not unintentionally abused, can be very dangerous if not fatal. We need look no further than the use of CDS (credit default swaps). CDS used properly provide a valid means of hedging risk. Similarly, increasing the money supply via an increase in the use of the Fed’s balance sheet and assorted Treasury programs can be an appropriate medication.
However, have you ever heard a patient indicate an exact point in time when they knew they were using medication inappropriately, if not in an abusive fashion? Have you ever witnessed a patient who has misused medication to be able to turn his life around on a dime?
I appreciate Mr. Kohn’s confidence in the Fed’s abilities, but neither he nor the Fed have experience in dealing with a situation like this.
Don’t think for a second that the cure can’t be worse than the disease.
LD
Putting the Genie Back Inside the Bottle
Posted by Larry Doyle on April 5th, 2009 11:43 AM |
The genie, in the form of the Federal Reserve, has granted the markets a lot more than three wishes over the course of these challenging economic times. What are some of the wishes granted so far? Let’s review:
1. cutting the Federal Funds rate to a range of 0-.25%.
2. backstopping a wide array of short term funding operations, including the Commercial Paper market, Money Market funds, and Swaps market.
3. opening the Federal Reserve discount window for investment banks prior to their conversion to commercial banks.
4. utilizing a massive Quantitative Easing program to purchase government, mortgage-backed, and government agency securities in an attempt to bring interest rates down and jumpstart borrowing by consumers and corporations.
5. working in concert with the Treasury and FDIC to implement the TARP (Troubled Asset Recovery Program), TALF (Term Asset-Backed Lending Facility) and PPIP (Public-Private Investment Program).
In the process of implementing all of these activities, this genie, the Federal Reserve, in the person of chairman Ben Bernanke, has gone places no genie has ever gone before.
The question before the court is whether the free market can ever get the genie back in the bottle. Additionally, aside from getting the genie back in the bottle, these wishes granted by the genie aren’t exactly free. How so? (more…)
Too Much Debt: Restructure, Default, or Devalue?
Posted by Larry Doyle on March 30th, 2009 11:10 AM |
Virtually every sector in the economy is faced with the same predicament: excessive debt. Whether residential housing, commercial real estate, consumer finance, automotive, municipal finance, or Uncle Sam, the current debt service along with future debt service is overwhelming.
In my opinion, the amount of influence with your lender (creditor) is directly related to the amount of debt and the terms of that debt. Regrettably for many taxpayers, the amount of debt from residential mortgage payments along with credit card bills and other household debts are not sufficient to create much influence. For larger corporations or municipalities, the influence is greater as these entities threaten to default. Thus, we see ongoing games of “chicken” being played between debtors and creditors while debt service typically gets restructured.
What about the largest debtor of all, that being Uncle Sam? He can’t play the “default” card and expect the market to treat him with any degree of credibility. Thus, Uncle Sam does not have the option of restructuring or default. The only real option left to Uncle Sam is devaluation. How does that get played out? In the very manner that the Fed and Treasury are doing right now. Pump money into the system like there is no tomorrow. (more…)
China Ups the Ante
Posted by Larry Doyle on March 23rd, 2009 11:12 PM |
In ten days, the leaders of the G-20 will meet for the most highly anticipated financial conference since Bretton Woods in 1944. In a bold and aggressive move prior to this conference, China’s central bank called today for the replacement of the U.S. dollar as the international reserve currency.
I have written about the tension in U.S.-Chinese relations over the last few months. The essence of this tension is captured in the Prisoner’s Dilemma and A Question of Honor.
Make no mistake: the timing, tone, and substance of this message so close to the start of the G-20 is another major shot across our bow. The ramifications for a change in this international reserve currency are enormous, both politically and economically. Check out current, worthwhile discussions on this topic collected from a variety of sources at Memeorandum.com. In addition, I recommend reading the following article from the Financial Times:
China calls for new reserve currency
By Jamil Anderlini in Beijing
Published: March 23 2009 12:16 | Last updated: March 24 2009 00:06China’s central bank on Monday proposed replacing the US dollar as the international reserve currency with a new global system controlled by the International Monetary Fund. (more…)
Let’s Meet David Darst
Posted by Larry Doyle on March 14th, 2009 6:00 PM |
David Darst may not be a household name for the general public, but for those involved in the world of finance he is held in very high regard. In fact, I think so highly of David that in the Sense on Cents Reading Room, I included his book:
The Complete Bond Book: A Guide to All Types of Fixed-Income Securities
by David Darst
– the Wall Street insider’s Bible to all types of fixed income securities.
David was interviewed yesterday on Bloomberg News. He touches on issues I have recently addressed here at Sense on Cents. I appreciated his commentary on the fact that the equity market rally this week was a “psychological” bounce in the context of a bear market. I addressed the particulars of the current market psychology in my piece, Is the Market Oversold? UPDATE.
Darst also offers enlightening color on overall market outlook, inflation, and places to hide amidst this turmoil. I know you will not be disappointed in viewing Morgan Stanley’s Darst Sees Psychology Driving Stocks. It’s a 5 minute clip from a man with a lifetime of experience!! I am happy to bring it to you as we collectively navigate the economic landscape.
LD
The Global Economic Horizon
Posted by Larry Doyle on March 14th, 2009 2:45 PM |
While there is nothing like a nice 10% rally in equity markets to salve a wounded soul, let’s not get overly ebullient. The global economy is facing a host of issues the likes of which it has not seen in a long time, if ever.
I truly relish the honest perspectives offered by a number of our Thought Leaders. A recent piece posted by Professor Ken Rogoff, a former chief economist for the International Monetary Fund, and currently a professor of Economics and Public Policy at Harvard, lays out a logical road map for global interest rates, economic growth, sovereign defaults, and inflation. Let me preface Rogoff’s piece by stating the road will be long and steep!
What does Rogoff think about the prospects here in the United States under the Obama administration? He writes, “US long-term growth could be particularly dismal, as the Obama administration steers the country toward more European levels of welfare assistance and income redistribution.”
I strongly recommend Rogoff’s What is the Deficit Endgame? Please access a wealth of other global perspectives at the Thought Leaders link (in the left sidebar), which provides access to leading global economists and over 400 periodicals from around the world.
LD
